Screen reader users browsing the recent articles list rely on link/image text to distinguish articles. Since the article thumbnails are wrapped alongside a redundant text headline link, empty alt (alt="") is actually acceptable here as decorative, provided each article's title link is present and descriptive. However, in the featured section the image is inside its own separate <a aria-label> link duplicating the headline link, making the image link redundant but not harmful. Confirm each thumbnail truly is decorative (i.e., doesn't convey unique info like a chart, quote, or photo subject relevant to the article) — if any image conveys unique content (e.g., a diagram referenced in the article), it needs descriptive alt text. Fix: audit each image; keep alt="" only for purely decorative/duplicate thumbnails, add meaningful alt for any image conveying unique information not in the adjacent text.
[
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Article thumbnail images have empty alt text",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"note": "e.g. what-the-nervous-system-of-c-elegans-actually-taught-us.png, the-afterlife-assumption...png"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/faq/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Decorative icons correctly hidden but no redundant text confirmation for toggle state",
"evidence": {
"selector": "button[aria-label='Toggle light or dark mode']"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/secularism/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Decorative alt text on article thumbnails likely acceptable but verify images are truly decorative",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"note": "Applies to all ~19 article cards"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/religion-by-inheritance-how-birth-predicts-belief/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Decorative-looking hero image marked empty alt is likely acceptable",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"note": "src=religion-by-inheritance-how-birth-predicts-belief.png"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/secularism-and-the-political-party-when-movements-organise/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Empty alt text on main article hero image likely appropriate but should be verified",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article > img[alt='']",
"note": "same pattern repeated on related-post thumbnail image; likely a site-wide decorative convention"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/religion/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Decorative-style empty alt on article thumbnail images is acceptable but redundant link text nearby should be checked",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"snippet": "<img alt=\"\" src=\"religion-by-inheritance-how-birth-predicts-belief.png\">",
"note": "1.1.1 Non-text Content"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/what-the-nervous-system-of-c-elegans-actually-taught-us/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Hero image alt text may omit meaningful content",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article > img[alt='']",
"note": "criterion 1.1.1"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/what-the-multiverse-hypothesis-actually-predicts/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Decorative alt on hero image likely acceptable but unverified",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"note": "same pattern repeated on related-post thumbnail images"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/the-concept-of-supervenience-when-one-level-rests-on-another/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Hero image alt text may be inappropriately empty",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article > img[alt='']",
"snippet": "<img alt=\"\" src=\"the-concept-of-supervenience-when-one-level-rests-on-another.png\">",
"note": "Low confidence barrier; likely decorative per site pattern (same pattern on related article thumbnail)."
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/science/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Decorative alt text on article preview images likely acceptable, but confirm intent",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"note": "criterion 1.1.1"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/the-afterlife-assumption-what-immortality-costs-moral-reason/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Hero image alt text may be inappropriately empty",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"note": "same pattern repeated on related-post thumbnail images"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/philosophy/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Decorative-style empty alt text on article thumbnail images",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article img[alt='']",
"note": "e.g. the-concept-of-supervenience-when-one-level-rests-on-another.png"
}
}
]
moderatesecuritysecurity/misconfiguration11 pages
Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy
The site's CSP appears to allow broad script sources (or lacks strict directives like script-src 'self' and object-src 'none'), which weakens protection against XSS if an injection point is ever found. No compensating control (e.g., strict frame-ancestors, nonce-based script-src, or Subresource Integrity) is evident from the provided headers. Recommend tightening CSP to a strict allowlist of trusted script origins, adding 'nonce-' or 'strict-dynamic', disallowing 'unsafe-inline'/'unsafe-eval', and setting object-src 'none' and base-uri 'self'.
[
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"selector": "header:Content-Security-Policy",
"note": "Policy present but permissive; exact directive values not fully shown in provided data"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/secularism/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"note": "CSP header flagged as weak by triage; exact directive values not provided in evidence set, so severity kept moderate pending confirmation of directive specifics."
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/the-gambler-s-fallacy-and-the-limits-of-intuitive-probabilit/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"selector": "header:Content-Security-Policy",
"note": "CSP present but permissive; specific directive values not fully enumerated in provided metadata"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/religion-by-inheritance-how-birth-predicts-belief/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"note": "Exact CSP header content not provided in triage payload; assessed as weak based on flag reason. Recommend reviewing actual directive values (script-src, style-src, frame-ancestors, object-src) before increasing severity."
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/religion/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"selector": "http-header:Content-Security-Policy",
"note": "Header present but overly permissive per triage flag; exact directive values not fully enumerated in provided data"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/news/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or missing Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"selector": "header:Content-Security-Policy",
"note": "CSP flagged as weak; no nonce/hash-based script-src or frame-ancestors directive confirmed"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/secularism-and-the-court-witness-truth-without-god/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Weak or missing Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"selector": "http-header",
"note": "CSP header not confirmed present/strict; no compensating frame-ancestors or X-Frame-Options observed in skeleton"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/quiz/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"note": "CSP header present but insufficiently restrictive per triage; no inline-script nonce/hash scheme apparent from skeleton (inline event-handling likely used for quiz buttons)."
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/the-concept-of-supervenience-when-one-level-rests-on-another/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"note": "CSP header present but weak per triage; no nonce/strict-dynamic or restrictive directives evident"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/posts/the-afterlife-assumption-what-immortality-costs-moral-reason/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"note": "Not directly observed in provided headers, but flagged by triage as weak; no compensating strict CSP directives (script-src, frame-ancestors) were confirmed present"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/philosophy/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Weak or overly permissive Content-Security-Policy",
"evidence": {
"note": "CSP header present but insufficiently restrictive per triage flag; specific directive values not provided in evidence"
}
}
]
moderatewcagwcag/4.1.23 pages
Toggle buttons for quiz mode selection rely on aria-pressed but selection outcome may not be communicated
The 'Random mix' and 'By topic' buttons use aria-pressed correctly for toggle state, but if selecting a mode changes subsequent question content/format without an announcement, screen reader users may not perceive the change in context (SC 3.2.2 On Input / 4.1.2). Verify that any dynamically appearing topic-selection sub-options are announced or at minimum keyboard-focusable in logical order after toggling.
[
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/faq/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Text-resize buttons rely only on visual 'A' glyph plus aria-label",
"evidence": {
"selector": "button[aria-label='Smaller text'], button[aria-label='Larger text']"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/quiz/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Toggle buttons for quiz mode selection rely on aria-pressed but selection outcome may not be communicated",
"evidence": {
"selector": "button[aria-pressed]",
"note": "criterion 4.1.2, 3.2.2"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/about/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Icon-only buttons have adequate aria-labels but state changes may not be announced",
"evidence": {
"selector": "button[aria-label='Toggle light or dark mode']",
"note": "aria-pressed=false present in skeleton; must verify it updates dynamically"
}
}
]
moderatewcagwcag/1.3.12 pages
Repeated card structure lacks semantic heading markup for article titles
Article card titles appear to be rendered as plain links rather than headings (e.g., h2/h3) within each 'article' element in the skeleton provided. This prevents screen-reader users from using heading navigation to skim the list of 19+ articles efficiently, forcing them to tab through each link individually. Fix: wrap each article title link in an appropriate heading level (e.g., <h2><a>Title</a></h2>) inside each <article> to support programmatic structure and navigation.
Ambiguous repeated link text pattern within article cards
Each article card contains a topic label span, an icon, and a separate link with the article title, plus a bullet '●' span in the header list items. Keyboard and screen-reader users navigating by links may encounter multiple non-link elements interspersed, but the actual link purpose is determinable from the title text alone, so this is a minor risk rather than a confirmed failure. Fix: ensure the entire card (including image) is wrapped in the single link so screen-reader and touch users get one predictable target instead of separate icon/image and text link elements.
[
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/secularism/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Ambiguous repeated link text pattern within article cards",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article a",
"note": "Icon (i) and title link are separate interactive-looking elements"
}
},
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/topics/philosophy/",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Article card links rely on visually adjacent text but structure may confuse link purpose in isolation",
"evidence": {
"selector": "article a[href*='/posts/']",
"note": "category span and icon are aria-hidden, not included in link name"
}
}
]
moderatewcaglandmark-one-main1 page
Document should have one main landmark
Ensure the document has a main landmark https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.10/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI
[
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/feed.xml",
"severity": "moderate",
"title": "Document should have one main landmark",
"evidence": {
"impact": "moderate",
"nodes": [
{
"selector": "html",
"snippet": "<html>"
}
],
"node_count": 1,
"tags": [
"cat.semantics",
"best-practice"
]
}
}
]
moderatewcagpage-has-heading-one1 page
Page should contain a level-one heading
Ensure that the page, or at least one of its frames contains a level-one heading https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.10/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI
No visible error identification for unanswered/skipped questions
If the quiz allows submission without answering, users need clear text-based error identification (not just color) describing which question needs a response. Skeleton shows no visible error text pattern; this should be verified in the live interactive quiz. Sighted keyboard users and screen reader users both need programmatically associated error text (e.g., via aria-describedby) rather than relying solely on visual cues like red borders.
Quiz feedback and results may not be announced to screen reader users
The quiz's scoring, validation, and result states appear to be dynamically rendered without visible ARIA live regions in the skeleton. If answer feedback, error states, or final scores are injected into the DOM without aria-live='polite' or role='status'/'alert', screen reader users won't know their answer was recorded, if they made an error, or what their final score is. This blocks blind/low-vision users from completing the quiz meaningfully. Fix: wrap dynamic feedback/result containers in an aria-live region (polite for score updates, assertive only for critical errors), and ensure focus is moved to the results summary when the quiz completes.
Icon buttons rely solely on icon shape with no visible text label
Low-vision users who don't use screen readers but rely on zoom/magnification may struggle to distinguish 'A' smaller vs 'A' larger buttons and the mode-toggle icon if visual size/contrast differences are subtle. While aria-label covers screen reader users, ensure sufficient visual distinction (size, color) between the two 'A' buttons for sighted users with low vision, per 1.4.1 Use of Color and general perceivability. Fix: use distinctly sized 'A' icons (small A vs large A) rather than identical size text, and ensure icons have programmatic tooltips/visible text on hover/focus for clarity.
[
{
"url": "https://artificialatheist.com/about/",
"severity": "minor",
"title": "Icon buttons rely solely on icon shape with no visible text label",
"evidence": {
"selector": "button[aria-label='Smaller text'], button[aria-label='Larger text']"
}
}
]
minorwcagwcag/3.3.21 page
Search input relies on placeholder + aria-label instead of visible label
The search input has an aria-label ('Search articles') which satisfies 4.1.2 Name/Role/Value and gives screen-reader users an accessible name, but there is no visible <label>. Low-vision users, users with cognitive disabilities, and users who zoom text can lose the placeholder text once they focus/type in the field, leaving no persistent visible cue of the field's purpose. Fix: add a visible <label> (can be styled as a heading or use a visually-associated text near the input) rather than relying solely on placeholder/aria-label so the field's purpose remains visible during and after interaction.
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